Advice for crime analyst to break into data science

I recently received a question about a crime analyst looking to break into data science. Figured it would be a good topic for my advice in a blog post. I have written many resources over the years targeting recent PhDs, but the advice for crime analysts is not all that different. You need to pick up some programming, and likely some more advanced tech skills.

For background, the individual had SQL + Excel skills (which many analysts may just have Excel). Vast majority of analyst roles, you should be quite adept at SQL. But just SQL is not sufficient for even an entry level data science role.


For entry data science, you will need to demonstrate competency in at least one programming language. The majority of positions will want you to have python skills. (I wrote an entry level python book exactly for someone in your position.)

You likely will also need to demonstrate competency in some machine learning or using large language models for data science roles. It used to be Andrew Ng’s courses were the best recommendation (I see he has a spin off DeepLearningAI now). So that is second hand though, I have not personally taken them. LLMs are more popular now, so prioritizing learning how to call those APIs, build RAG systems, prompt engineering I think is going to make you slightly more marketable than traditional machine learning.

I have personally never hired anyone in a data science role without a masters. That said, I would not have a problem if you had a good portfolio. (Nice website, Github contributions, etc.)

You should likely start just looking and applying to “analyst” roles now. Don’t worry about if they ask for programming you do not have experience in, just apply. Many roles the posting is clearly wrong or totally unrealistic expectations.

Larger companies, analyst roles can have a better career ladder, so you may just decide to stay in that role. If not, can continue additional learning opportunities to pursue a data science career.

Remote is more difficult than in person, but I would start by identifying companies that are crime analysis adjacent (Lexis Nexis, ESRI, Axon) and start applying to current open analyst positions.

For additional resources I have written over the years:

The alt-ac newsletter has various programming and job search tips. THe 2023 blog post goes through different positions (if you want, it may be easier to break into project management than data science, you have a good background to get senior analyst positions though), and the 2025 blog post goes over how to have a portfolio of work.

Cover page, data science for crime analysis with python

Why give advice?

So recently in a few conversations (revolving around the tech recruiting service I am starting), I get asked the question “Why are you bothering to give me advice?”.

It is something I have done regularly for almost a decade – but for many years it was not publicized. So from blog posts I get emails from academics/grad students maybe once a month on stats questions. And more recently with going to the private sector, I get emails once a month from first/second degree connections about my experience with that. (These are actually more often mid-career academics than newly minted PhDs.)

So I have just made it more public that I give that type of advice. On this blog I started an irregular ask me anything. I will often just turn these into their own blog posts, see for example my advice on learning stats/machine learning. And for the tech recruiting I have been having phone calls with individuals recently and forwarding potential opportunities, see my recent post on different tech positions and salary ranges.

It is hard for me to articulate why I do this that is not cheesy or hubristic (if that is even a word). Individuals who have gotten criminal justice (CJ) PhDs in the last 15 years, we likely have very similar shared experiences. One thing that has struck me – and I feel this even more strongly now than I did when I was an academic – is that individuals who I know that have a CJ Phd are really smart. I have not met a single CJ PhD who I was like “how did this person get a PhD?”.

This simultaneously makes me sad/angry/frustrated when I see very talented individuals go through essentially the same struggles I did in academia. But for the grace of God there I go. On the flipside I have gotten some very bad advice in my career – not intentionally malicious but often from senior people in my life who did not know better given their lack of contemporary knowledge. (I wonder if that is inevitable when we get older – always critically examine advice, even from me!)

Some people I know do “life-coaching”, or simply charge per meeting. To be clear I don’t have any plans on doing that. It just doesn’t make sense for me to do that (the hubris thing – I think my advice is worth that, but I am not interested in squeezing people for a few dollars). If I am too busy to have a 30 minute phone call or send an email with quick stat advice I will just say so.

Life isn’t zero sum – if you do well that does not mean I do bad – quite the opposite for the majority of scenarios. I want to see my colleagues and friends be in positions that better appreciate (and compensate) their skills.

Job advice for entry crime analysts

I post occasionally on the Crime Analysis Reddit, and a few recent posts I mentioned about expanding the net to private sector gigs for those interested in crime analysis. And got a question from a recent student as well, so figured a blog post on my advice is in order.

For students interested in crime analysis, it is standard advice to do an internship (while a student), and that gets you a good start on networking. But if that ship has sailed and you are now finished with school and need to get a job that does not help. Also standard to join the IACA (and if you have a local org, like TXLEAN for Texas, you can join that local org and get IACA membership at the same time). They have job boards for openings, and for local it is a good place to network as well for entry level folks. IACA has training material available as well.

Because there are not that many crime analysis jobs, I tell students to widen their net and apply to any job that lists “analyst” in the title. We hire many “business analysts” at Gainwell, and while having a background in healthcare is nice it is not necessary. They mostly do things in Excel, Powerpoint, and maybe some SQL. Probably more have a background in business than healthcare specifically. Feel free to take any background experience in the job description not as requirements but as “nice to have”.

These are pretty much the same data skills people use in crime analysis. So if you can do one you can do the other.

This advice is also true for individuals who are currently crime analysts and wish to pursue other jobs. Unfortunately because crime analysis is more niche in departments, there is not much upward mobility. Other larger organizations that have analysts will just by their nature have more senior positions to work towards over your career. Simultaneously you are likely to have a larger salary in the private sector than public sector for even the same entry level positions.

Don’t get the wrong impression on the technical skills needed for these jobs if you read my blog. Even more advanced data science jobs I am mostly writing python + SQL. I am not writing bespoke optimization functions very often. So in terms of skills for analyst positions I just suggest focusing on Excel. My crime analysis course materials I intentionally did in a way to get you a broad background that is relevant for other analyst positions as well (some SQL/Powerpoint, but mostly Excel).

Sometimes people like to think doing crime analysis is a public service, so look down on going to private sector. Plenty of analysts in banks/healthcare do fraud/waste/abuse that have just as large an impact on the public as do crime analysts, so I think this opinion is misguided in general.

Many jobs at Gainwell get less than 10 applicants. Even if these jobs have listed healthcare background requirements, if they don’t have options among the pool those doing the hiring will lower their expectations. I imagine it is the same for many companies. Just keep applying to analyst jobs and you will land something eventually.

I wish undergrad programs did a better job preparing social science students with tech skills. It is really just minor modifications – courses teaching Excel/SQL (maybe some coding for real go-getters). Better job at making stats relevant to the real world business applications (calculating expected values/variance and trends in those is a common task, doing null hypothesis significance testing is very rare). But you can level up on Excel with various online resources, my course included.